Electric incrustation-preventer



UNITED STATES PATENTY GFFICE.

WILLIAM` n. BULL, or QUINCY, ILLiNois.

ELECTRIC iNcRusTA-rao-N-PREVENTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 430,462, dated. .T une 17, 1890.

Applicatie 'niet umh 12v, m90.

To all wiz/omit. may concern/r' Be it known that I, WILLXAM B. BULL, of Quincy, in thejcounty of Adams and State of Illinois, have invented certain new` and useful Improvements in Magnetic Puriiers and Incrnstation'-Preventers for Steam-Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same,

reference being had -to the accompanying drawings, forming a part -of this specification, and to the letters of 'reference marked thereon. Y l

This' invention relates generally to that class of devices for purifying liquids or preventing lboiler incrustation in which the liquidis subjected to the 4influence of a magnet, and more particularly to that class in which the water on its Yway to the boiler or 7 reservoir is passed througha magnetic'fieidf whereby the impurities are removed or so alteredas to relievethem of their harmful properties, the exact nature of the changes being, so f ar as I am at present aware, un-

' Aat this time.

known, although the' results are Well-established facts and need not be further mentioned The objeapf the invention is to Simplify Y- the apparatus necessarily employed, adapting it for application to feed-pipes or liquid-conduits of any character, whether of magnetic or none'magnetic material, although the former is preferred, and, further, to reduce the cost of the apparatus to the minimum.

Broadly stated, the linvention may be said to consist in locating a magnet Within and independentzof the conduit, and in a further development of thisiidea vconsisting in employing a series of magnets arranged in a bundle or sheaf tov act on the liquid at one time, or distriimtedv along the conduit so as to act in succession.

The invention further consists in .certain Y novel details ofconst'r'uctionaud combinations and arrangements of parts to be hereinafterdescribed, and pointedout particularly in the claims at theend of this specification.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view otra section of a conduit with a portion broken aw'ay to show the interior arrangement. Fig. 2 is a crossseriai lasciasse. (No model.) l

successively. Fig. 4 is a perspective view similar to Fig. `1, showing a modification. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the same. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of al bundle of prismatic magnets which may be used. Fig. 7 isa crosssection showing the prismaiic magnets in pol sition. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 3,show ing a series of sheafs of magnets. Like letters of reference in the several iiguresindicate the same parts.

Various attempts have heretofore been made to produce an apparatus of this character which could be readily applied to conduits or feed-pipes now in use without any sary supports and surroundings, and it must crowned these efforts; but diniculty has been of the magnets or the most intense magnetic field within the conduit, either because of fron tli'ecenter of `thecouduit andlituid passe ing through the same, thereby reducing the intensity of lthe magnetic ii'eld in an enormous ratio, orv because of the faulty construction and application of the magnets, which preuetic centers in the most advantageous positions because f the dissipating Jinfluence ot the Walls of the conduit itself, owing to the My invention in'afineasurefpvercomes these difficult ies in a manner to' be now pointed out. A indicates the pipe .or "conduit through within this 'conduit is located a magnet or magnets supported suitable spiders, studs, or open-Work'fram's, and preferably having ltheir 'poles'arranged longitudinally of the conduit. Y

In Figs. l, 2 and Salle magnets are shown as cylindrical magnet-s 15, located -within la short section of the conduit, which, for conthe liquid, is preferably made somewhat larger than the other portion of th'e conduit, the magnets being supported'ent'irely out of contact with the Walls of .the conduit by studs or arms b, of. non-magri otic material, if desired, thus section. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section showing onev arrangement of magnets for acting permitting of the ready passage of the'water around and, if the magnet be tubular, through -eai'yeuerreeu in getting' the maximum effect" the remoteness of the magnets themselves vented the vformation of Otrjue poles or mag# whichthe liqnid'to'be purified'-passes, and

material alteration in the same or the necesl l be admitted that more or less success has contact ofthe magnetorimagnets therewith.

venience and to preventany retardation of I og.

I the same close to the magnetic poles, and there? 'fore through the most intense magnetic fields.

When desired,the magnets may be arranged, as inFig. 3, one behind the otheigwith oppo- ,site poles in proximity and a small space bebe seen, is to induce magnetic conditions in the conduit itself and establish an intense magnetic field betweenthe two similar to that establishedl between magnets of opposite po-v larity when brought into juxtaposition, and

through this field or 'fields the liquid is caused' to pass. If more than one mag-net is employed, as in Fig. 3, the` liquid issnbjected to the influence of a series of magnetic fields, insuring a complete effect on all ot' `the water passing through the same.

Where the conduit is large orit is desired to subject the water to the action of the mag- Abeing preferably of opposite netic field for a longer'period of time by passing the same through a chamber of very .much larger cross-sectional area than the conduit a series, bundle, or sheaf of .magnets may be located within the conduit or chamber with relatively small spaces between the poles of the magnets, adjacent poles ofcourse p'olarity, so asv to intensify the magnetic field.

The preferred arrangements` 'f magnets when a number is 'employed is shown in Figs. 4 to 7, inclusive. magnets E are'v cylindricalV in cross-section,

" and are so arranged as that vbut very small spaces are left between any two magnetic points, the ,collective area or capacity, how

fever, being made equal t0 or greater than that ofthe conduit on either side of the magnets, to prevent any retardation or permitl the water to remain longer with-in the m'agnetic tield. The cylindrical sheaf of mag-nets,

it will be seen, is held in place by an ope-n frame-work E', preferablyof non-.magnetic m erial, and the Whotcsbleaf and frames are prerably sojoinedas that they may be readily removed in'I a body from the conduit.'

In fact, all of the forms of theh invention preferably embody this featu re'.

A more economical and perhaps more con` vcnient form of the device is illustrated in -the conduit.

In Figs.-4 and 5 the While I have specifically described the magnets as being located'within a chamber ot' larger capacity than the conduit, I do not wishto be limited many instances the magnets may' be s uspend ed directlyin the conduit without changabsolutely thereto, as in ing the same at all, save to disconnectajoint v and slip the magnets in piace. Neither do I wish to be limited to any particular form of magnet or magnets, nor to placing but asi ngle shear" of magnets within the conduit, as a sei` other purposes,vas the aging of liquors, &c.,

and therefore I do, not wish to be limited to i body ot liquid passing through a con uit to -a magnetic action rities, &c. 1

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is L In ajmagnetic purifier for liquids, the combination; with the conduit or passage through which the liquid passes, of a. magnet located entirely within said condui t,substan tially as described. ,l

2. In a magnetic purifier `for liquids, the combination, with the conduit or passage through which the liquid passes, of a magnet located within and out of contact with the walls thereof,- substantially as. described.;

3.. In a magnetic purifier for liquids, the combination, with the conduit orpassage through which the liquid passes, of a magnet removably suspended in said' conduit and out of contact with the walls thereof, sub; stantially as described.

4. In ,a magnetic purifier for liquids, the con'lbin'ation, with the conduit or passage any special application, intending it for use. `wherev`er it maybe desirable to sub'ect a'v for the removal of 'impuf IOO IIO

through which the liquid passes, of the series combination, with the conduit orv passage fsuspended within'the same and having its y the liquid'is subjectedto Vthe successive action ot two magnetic fields o'f opposite polarity,l substantially as de scribed. 6. Ina magnetic purifier for liquids,'the fcombination, with-the conduit or passage tthrough which the liquid passes, of a series of magnets interposed therein to act on the water successively with their proximate poles of opposite polarity,A substantially as described.

G7. In a magnetic purifier for liquids, the

combination, with the' conduit through which the liquid passes, of a seriesof magnets con-A ,tfhfough which the liquid passes, of a magnet goles arranged longitudinally thereof, where` neeted together and removably secured within the conduit, substantially as described.

the liquid passes, of a series of parallel magnet-s connected together and removably secured w'ithin the conduit, substantially as described.

l0. In a magnetic purifier for liquids, the 15 combination, with the conduit through which the liquid passes, of a series of substantially parallel magnets connected together, with their proximate poles of opposite polarity `and suspended within the conduit, substan- 2o tially as described.

' WILLrAM' B. BULL.

Witnesses:

Dow R. GWINN, l C. R. HENDERSON. 

